August, 2014 news
August 29th, 2014
Via publiDB
Supuestos Prácticos en Bioseguridad BIOSLab
Communications in this event:
- Ensayo de vacunas frente a la Lengua Azul en ovejas
- Bioseguridad en laboratorios
- Experiencia con brucelosis ovina en animalario
- Diagnóstico de tuberculosis bovina
August 26th, 2014
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Isolation and characterization of Babesia pecorum sp. nov. from farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus)
Investigation published in Veterinary Research
The diversity of Babesia species infecting cervids in parts of central and southern Spain was analyzed by collecting blood from farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus). Babesia sp. was isolated in vitro from two red deer herds in Cádiz and Ciudad Real. The number of Babesia sp. carriers differed between the two herds: 36/77 in Cádiz and 1/35 in Ciudad Real. Hyalomma lusitanicum was the most prevalent tick species identified on the Cádiz farm vegetation and on sampled animals, and is therefore a candidate vector. The molecular characteristics of 21 isolates were determined by complete (8 isolates) or …
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August 15th, 2014
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Epidemiological investigation of bovine tuberculosis herd breakdowns in Spain 2009/2011
PLoS ONE publish this investigation article
We analyzed the most likely cause of 687 bovine tuberculosis (bTB) breakdowns detected in Spain between 2009 and 2011 (i.e., 22% of the total number of breakdowns detected during this period). Seven possible causes were considered: i) residual infection; ii) introduction of infected cattle from other herds; iii) sharing of pastures with infected herds; iv) contiguous spread from infected neighbor herds; v) presence of infected goats in the farm; vi) interaction with wildlife reservoirs and vii) contact with an infected human. For each possible cause a decision tree was developed and key questi…
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August 15th, 2014
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Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in free-living wild animals in Spain
Investigation published in Applied and Environmental Microbiology
The presence of methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) have been analysed in different free-living wild animals to assess the genetic diversity and predominant genotypes on each animal species. Samples were taken from the skin and/or nares and isolates were characterized by spa typing, MLST and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The proportion of MSSA carriers was 5.00%, 22.93%, 19.78% and 17.67% in Eurasian griffon vulture, Iberian ibex, red deer and wild boar, respectively (P = 0.057). A higher proportion of isolates (P = 0.000) were recovered from nasal samples (78.51%) tha…
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August 6th, 2014
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A new approach for rapidly assessing the risk of Aujeszky`s disease reintroduction into a disease-free spanish territory by analysing the movement of live pigs and potential contacts with wild boar
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases publish this investigation article
Aujeszky`s disease (AD) causes significant economic losses in the Spanish pig sector due to import trade restrictions imposed by disease-free countries. Most regions of Spain have achieved `low AD prevalence` status as a result of an intensive national AD eradication programme involving vaccination and other measures. However, to achieve AD-free status that would eliminate trade restrictions, vaccination must be stopped. For this final stage of eradication, up to date and reliable estimates of the risk of AD reintroduction are essential. Here, we propose an approach based on spatio-temporal sc…
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August 1st, 2014
Servicio de Informática y Comunicación
Study of nervous system tumors in the veterinary neuropathology field
The researcher Paola Marco-Salazar ends her stay at the University of California Davis
August 1st, 2014
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Pleuromutilins: use in food-producing animals in the European Union, development of resistance and impact on human and animal health
Investigation article published in The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Pleuromutilins (tiamulin and valnemulin) are antimicrobial agents that are used mainly in veterinary medicine, especially for swine and to a lesser extent for poultry and rabbits. In pigs, tiamulin and valnemulin are used to treat swine dysentery, spirochaete-associated diarrhoea, porcine proliferative enteropathy, enzootic pneumonia and other infections where Mycoplasma is involved. There are concerns about the reported increases in the MICs of tiamulin and valnemulin for porcine Brachyspira hyodysenteriae isolates from different European countries, as only a limited number of antimicrobials …
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August 1st, 2014
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Opinions of Spanish pig producers on the role, the level and the risk to public health of antimicrobial use in pigs
Investigation article published in Research in Veterinary Science
Antimicrobial use is a major driver of antimicrobial resistance and prescribers (physicians and veterinarians) and end users (patients, food producers and pet owners) are the cornerstones of this scenario. Intensive pig farming is a livestock activity that has a high antimicrobial use. This study is based on the opinions of pig producers. The study was done at national level and comprised two independent cross-sectional surveys using a questionnaire-based methodology and face-to-face interviews carried out between April and October, 2010. The collected data, which consisted of opinions of prod…
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August 1st, 2014
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Tonsils of the soft palate do not mediate the response of pigs to oral vaccination with heat inactivated Mycobacterium bovis
Investigation article published in Clinical and Vaccine Immunology
Mycobacterium bovis causes animal tuberculosis (TB) in cattle, humans, and other mammalian species, including pigs. The goal of this study was to experimentally assess the response of pigs with and without tonsillectomy to oral vaccination with heat-inactivated M. bovis and challenge with a virulent M. bovis field strain; to compare pig and wild boar responses using the same vaccination model as previously used in Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa); and to evaluate the use of several ELISA and lateral flow tests for in vivo TB diagnosis in pigs, and verify if these tests are influenced by oral va…
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August 1st, 2014
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Lack of Evidence of Spill-Over of Salmonella enterica Between Cattle and Sympatric Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) from a Protected Area in Catalonia, NE Spain
Investigation article published in Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
Salmonella enterica is a zoonotic agent of worldwide importance found in a wide range of wild hosts. However, its prevalence in many popular game species has never been assessed. Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) is the main game caprinae of the Iberian Peninsula and around two thousand individuals are hunted every year for trophy or for home consumption. In this work, 313 Iberian ibexes from the Ports de Tortosa i Beseit National Game Reserve (NE Spain) were tested for Salmonella enterica in faeces, and anti microbial susceptibility was determined. The exact location of shooting or capture was r…
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August 1st, 2014
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Mathematical formulation and validation of the Be-FAST model for Classical Swine Fever Virus spread between and within farms
Investigation published in Annals of Operations Research
Classical Swine Fever is a viral disease of pigs that causes severe restrictions on the movement of pigs and pig products in the affected areas. The knowledge of its spread patterns and risk factors would help to implement specific measures for controlling future outbreaks. In this article, we describe in detail a spatial hybrid model, called Be-FAST, based on the combination of a stochastic Individual-Based model (modeling the interactions between the farms, considered as individuals) for between-farm spread with a Susceptible-Infected model for within-farm spread, to simulate the spread of t…
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