Research

Evaluation of the immunogenicity and efficacy of BCG and MTBVAC vaccines using a natural transmission model of tuberculosis

Veterinary Research publish this investigation article

Effective vaccines against tuberculosis (TB) are needed in order to prevent TB transmission in human and animal populations. Evaluation of TB vaccines may be facilitated by using reliable animal models that mimic host pathophysiology and natural transmission of the disease as closely as possible. In this study, we evaluated the immunogenicity and efficacy of two attenuated vaccines, BCG and MTBVAC, after each was given to 17 goats (2 months old) and then exposed for 9 months to goats infected with M. caprae. In general, MTBVAC-vaccinated goats showed higher interferon-gamma release than BCG va… Leer más

Risk of African swine fever virus introduction into the United States through smuggling of pork in air passenger luggage

Investigation published in Scientific reports

African swine fever causes substantial economic losses in the swine industry in affected countries. Traditionally confined to Africa with only occasional incursions into other regions, ASF began spreading into Caucasian countries and Eastern Europe in 2007, followed by Western Europe and Asia in 2018. Such a dramatic change in the global epidemiology of ASF has resulted in concerns that the disease may continue to spread into disease-free regions such as the US. In this study, we estimated the risk of introduction of ASF virus into the US through smuggling of pork in air passenger luggage. Res… Leer más

Tuberculosis vaccination sequence effect on protection in wild boar

Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases publish this investigation article

The Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa) is a reservoir for tuberculosis (TB) in which vaccination is a valuable tool for control. We evaluated the protection and immune response achieved by homologous and heterologous regimes administering BCG and heat-inactivated Mycobacterium bovis (IV). Twenty-one wild boar piglets were randomly allocated in five groups: Control, homologous BCG, homologous IV, heterologous IV-BCG, heterologous BCG-IV. Significant 67% and 66% total lesion score reductions were detected in homologous IV (IVx2) and heterologous IV-BCG groups when compared with Control group (F4,16… Leer más

Mapping changes in the spatiotemporal distribution of lumpy skin disease virus

Investigation article published in Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is an infectious disease of cattle transmitted by arthropod vectors which results in substantial economic losses due to impact on production efficiency and profitability, and represents an emerging threat to international trade of livestock products and live animals. Since 2015, the disease has spread into the Northern Hemisphere including Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, the Russian Federation and the Balkans. The rapid expansion of LSDV in those regions represented the emergence of the virus in more temperate regions than those in which LSDV traditionally occurred. The… Leer más

Emergent subtype of hepatitis E virus genotype 3 in wild boar in Spain

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases publish this investigation article

Wild boar (Sus scrofa) is considered the main wildlife reservoir of zoonotic hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotypes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the circulation of HEV in free-ranging wild boar in the Doñana National Park (DNP), Spain. Blood samples were collected from 99 wild boar in the DNP during 2015. Sera were analyzed in parallel using indirect ELISA and real-time RT-PCR. A total of 57 of the 99 tested animals (57.6%; 95%CI: 47.8-67.3%) had anti-HEV antibodies, indicating that this virus is widespread in wild boar in the DNP. HEV RNA was detected in one animal and phylogenetic analy… Leer más

Asociación entre resistencia a antibióticos y factores del hospedador y la bacteria en patógenos de transmisión alimentaria

Degree Final Project defended by María Juez García

Salmonellosis is one of the main foodborne zoonosis worldwide and also in the European Union. It is caused by Salmonella enterica subesp. enterica, that can be divided in over 2,500 serotypes. Salmonella is a very ubiquitous bacteria that is also very resistant to a wide range of environmental conditions. Its importance is further complicated by the increasing problem of antimicrobial resistance. Among the large variety of food products associated with its transmission, egg and egg products are among the most frequently reported sources of infection. Salmonellosis mainly leads to gastrointesti… Leer más

Estudio sobre el efecto de los corticoides y la presensibilización con tuberculina empleados con fine fraudulentos en la prueba de intradermotuberculinización (IDTB)

Abel Díaz Castillo defended this Degree Final Project

En el diagnóstico de la tuberculosis (TB) en rumiantes domésticos influyen factores inmunológicos y técnicos. En el presente estudio se evaluaron dos factores que podrían interferir en el mismo al utilizarse con fines fraudulentos, pudiendo afectar al avance del programa de erradicación. Por ello, los resultados obtenidos podrían servir para la mejora del programa y alcanzar el objetivo de erradicación de la enfermedad. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar si la presensibilización con tuberculina, así como la aplicación de corticoides a nivel local tienen efecto sobre la prueba de int… Leer más

Real-time RT-PCR Bornavirus type 1 (BDV-1) detection

Degree Final Project defended by Lucía Aroca Lara

Bornavirus (BDV) is the causative agent of Borna disease (BD). Typically, it is described as a chronic, progressive, non-suppurative meningoencephalomyelitis which mainly affects horses and sheep, causing behavioural and neurological alterations. Currently, the possible zoonotic aspect of BD is very controversial. BD diagnosis is very challenging. Clinical diagnosis is insufficient by itself as there are many differential diagnoses of pathogens which cause similar clinical signs in horses. So far, no diagnostic method has enough sensitivity and specificity to be used, on its own, in a BD cl… Leer más

Carbapenemase-producing Elizabethkingia meningoseptica from healthy pigs associated with colistin use in Spain

Investigation published in Antibiotics

Carbapenems are considered last-resort antimicrobials, especially for treating infections involving multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. In recent years, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria have become widespread in hospitals, community settings, and the environment, reducing the range of effective therapeutic alternatives. The use of colistin to treat infection caused by these multi-drug bacteria may favour the selection and persistence of carbapenem-resistant bacteria. In this study, it is described, for the first time to our kn… Leer más

Risk of Introduction of Infectious Animal Diseases for Europe Based on the Health Situation of North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula

Frontiers in veterinary science publish this investigation article

The current growth of the human population, the intensification of animal production, climate change or globalization favors an increase in the transmission of infectious diseases. Risk analysis is the tool that allows the identification of the factors involved in the introduction and the spread of infectious diseases. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the risk of entry of animal infectious zoonotic and non-zoonotic diseases from North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula to countries of the European Union. A probabilistic formulation has been developed to obtain the probabilities of … Leer más

- Gripe aviar y enfermedad de Newcastle, con riesgo de llegar a Europa - diarioveterinario.com

- Gripe aviar y enfermedad de Newcastle, con riesgo de llegar a Europa - diarioveterinario.com