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Últimas noticias de Investigación
2 de diciembre de 2024
Vía publiDB
A high titer antibody response against P22 protein immunocomplex is not correlated with protection in naturally tuberculosis-infected goats
Artículo de investigación publicado en The Veterinary quarterly
Caprine livestock are significant reservoirs of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), contributing to tuberculosis (TB) transmission among animals and humans. The P22 protein immunocomplex (P22PI), derived from bovine tuberculin, shows immunostimulating capacity and is used for TB diagnosis. This study assessed the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of P22PI in two groups of goats: 24 naïve goats (12 immunised, 12 controls) from a TB-free herd, and 24 infected goats (12 immunised, 12 controls), referred to as pre-infected animals, from a M. bovis-infected herd. Both were exposed f…
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29 de noviembre de 2024
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Immunological mechanisms involved in the protection against development of pulmonary tuberculosis in naturally infected goats
Artículo de investigación publicado en Veterinary Microbiology
Tuberculosis (TB) is a notifiable zoonotic disease caused by bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) that affects a multitude of domestic and wild species. The main lesions caused by these mycobacteria are tuberculous granulomas, which determine the organism`s immune response to the disease. Although TB pathogenesis in cattle has been extensively studied, information regarding its progression in other species of interest for the maintenance and transmission of TB such as goats remains limited. This study aimed to characterise the immune response developed in the lungs of goat…
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21 de noviembre de 2024
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Escherichia coli from six European countries reveals differences in profile and distribution of critical antimicrobial resistance determinants within One Health compartments, 2013 to 2020
Eurosurveillance publica este artículo de investigación
BackgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat. Monitoring using an integrated One Health approach is essential to detect changes in AMR occurrence.AimWe aimed to detect AMR genes in pathogenic and commensal Escherichia coli collected 2013-2020 within monitoring programmes and research from food animals, food (fresh retail raw meat) and humans in six European countries, to compare vertical and horizontal transmission.MethodsWe whole genome sequenced (WGS) 3,745 E. coli isolates, detected AMR genes using ResFinder and performed phylogenetic analysis to determine isolate relatedness…
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15 de noviembre de 2024
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Oxidative Stress in Canine Diseases: A Comprehensive Review
Investigación publicada en Antioxidants
Oxidative stress (OS), defined as a disruption in redox balance favoring oxidants, has emerged as a major contributor to numerous diseases in human and veterinary medicine. While several reviews have explored the implication of OS in human pathology, an exhaustive review of the canine species is lacking. This comprehensive review aims to summarize the existing literature on the role of OS in canine diseases, highlighting its potentially detrimental effect on various organs and systems. Some inconsistencies among studies exist, likely due to varying biomarkers and sample types. However, there i…
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8 de noviembre de 2024
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NpmC, a novel A1408 16S rRNA methyltransferase in the gut of humans and animals
International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents publica este artículo de investigación
16S rRNA methyltransferases that act on residue A1408, NpmA and NpmB, confer high-level resistance to virtually all the aminoglycosides, but their reports are scarce. Analysing metagenomic projects in a One Health context, we identified in human and animal gut microbiomes from China and Canada a novel gene, npmC, that shares an identity of 91.5% with npmA, and up to 92.7% at amino acidic level. The protein encoded by this gene presents the conserved motifs required for A1408 methylation. Expression of the gene resulted in high-level of resistance to 4,5-disubstituted 2-deoxystreptamine (2-DOS)…
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1 de noviembre de 2024
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Evaluating the ability of non-tuberculous mycobacteria to induce non-specific reactions in bovine tuberculosis diagnostic tests in guinea pigs and cattle
Investigación publicada en Veterinary Microbiology
Limitations in diagnostic test performance are one of the major challenges hampering the eradication of bovine tuberculosis (bTB). Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are considered one of the main causes of non-specific reactions in the intradermal tuberculin test, the most widely used bTB diagnostic test. To determine the role of NTMs in bTB misdiagnosis in Spain, an experimental study including the NTM species most commonly found in bTB-positive animals from bTB-free farms in the country (M. avium subsp. avium (Maa), "Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis" (Mah), M. bourgelatii, M. intermed…
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1 de noviembre de 2024
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Multiplex PCR assay for the accurate and rapid detection and differentiation of Lactococcus garvieae and L. petauri
Artículo de investigación publicado en Journal of Fish Diseases
Lactococcosis is a common bacterial fish disease caused by Lactococcus garvieae, L. petauri and L. formosensis. Although there are different PCR-based techniques to identify the etiological agent, none of these can differentiate these two bacteria without sequencing PCR-amplified fragments. In the present study, we developed a multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection and differentiation of L. garvieae and L. petauri. The specificity of the primers was validated against the bacterial DNA of the targeted and non-targeted bacteria. The sizes of the PCR amplicons were obtained as 204 bp for …
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30 de octubre de 2024
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One Health Farming: Noninvasive monitoring reveals links between farm vertebrate richness and pathogen markers in outdoor hoofstock
Investigación publicada en One Health
Outdoor farming contributes to biodiversity conservation and enhances animal welfare, but also raises biosafety concerns due to livestock contact with potentially infected wildlife. Thus, there is a need to assess the balance between vertebrate species richness on farms, visits by wildlife species posing a biosafety risk, and pathogen circulation in open-air farming systems. We explored these links in a pilot study involving 15 open-air hoofstock farms (6 cattle, 5 small ruminant, and 4 pig farms), where we conducted interviews and risk point inspections and used two noninvasive tools: short-t…
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25 de octubre de 2024
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The expression of integron arrays is shaped by the translation rate of cassettes
Investigación publicada en Nature Communications
Integrons are key elements in the rise and spread of multidrug resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. These genetic platforms capture cassettes containing promoterless genes and stockpile them in arrays of variable length. In the current integron model, expression of cassettes is granted by the Pc promoter in the platform and is assumed to decrease as a function of its distance. Here we explored this model using a large collection of 136 antibiotic resistance cassettes and show the effect of distance is in fact negligible. Instead, cassettes have a strong impact in the expression of downstream …
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23 de octubre de 2024
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Herpesvirus surveillance in stranded striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) and bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from Italy with emphasis on neuropathological characterization
PLoS ONE publica este artículo de investigación
Herpesvirus (HV) is widely distributed among cetacean populations, with the highest prevalence reported in the Mediterranean Sea. In this study, a comprehensive analysis was conducted, including epidemiological, phylogenetic, and pathological aspects, with particular emphasis on neuropathology, to better understand the impact of HV in these animals. Our results show a higher presence of HV in males compared to females, with males exhibiting a greater number of positive tissues. Additionally, adults were more frequently affected by HV infection than juveniles, with no infections detected in cal…
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