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Últimas noticias de Investigación
19 de diciembre de 2018
Vía publiDB
Aplicación de herramientas cuantitativas para el estudio epidemiológico de zoonosis
Tesis Doctoral que será defendida por Mª Luisa de la Cruz Conty en la Facultad de Veterinaria de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid
En la presente tesis doctoral se ha explorado la utilidad de la aplicación de técnicas de análisis cuantitativo para el estudio de la epidemiología de enfermedades de relevancia en sanidad animal y salud pública.
La mayor parte de estudios epidemiológicos se fundamentan en la clasificación de los individuos de la población en las categorías de infectado y no infectado en función de los resultados de una prueba diagnóstica. No obstante, con frecuencia la fiabilidad de esa prueba no se evalúa previamente, o bien dicha evaluación tiene lugar en unas circunstancias no aplicables posteriormente …
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14 de diciembre de 2018
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Caracterización inmunoproteómica de derivados proteicos de Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium avium (subespecies avium y paratuberculosis) y Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. Aplicación diagnóstica
Jose Antonio Infantes Lorenzo defendió su tesis doctoral en la Facultad de Veterinaria de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid
La tuberculosis animal es una zoonosis bacteriana producida por bacterias del complejo Mycobacterium tuberculosis, especialmente M. bovis y M. caprae que representa un importante problema sanitario en el hombre y los animales (domésticos y salvajes). Por esta razón, en la Unión Europea, los bovinos están sometidos a un programa de erradicación que se basa en el “diagnóstico y sacrificio” de los animales reaccionantes a las pruebas de diagnóstico oficiales, cuyo reactivo básico es la tuberculina bovina o PPDb. Esta es un derivado proteico purificado de M. bovis de composición y titulación compl…
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4 de diciembre de 2018
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Antimicrobial Prescriptions for Dogs in the Capital of Spain
Frontiers in veterinary science publica este artículo de investigación
Objective: To characterize antimicrobial prescription patterns for dogs in veterinary practices in Spain using the city of Madrid as a model.
Design: Retrospective survey.
Settings: Dogs attending veterinary practices in the city of Madrid in 2017 were enrolled.
Subjects: Three hundred dogs from 30 veterinary practices randomly selected from a set of 388 practices grouped by zip code. The inclusion criterion for dogs was treatment with antibiotics within a few days of the data collection day.
Results: For the 300 dogs enrolled, 374 treatments with antimicrobials were recorded, 62.8% (235/3…
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28 de noviembre de 2018
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Spatio-temporal epidemiology of anthrax in Hippopotamus amphibious in Queen Elizabeth Protected Area, Uganda
Investigación publicada en PLoS ONE
Background
Anthrax is a zoonotic disease primarily of herbivores, caused by Bacillus anthracis, a bacterium with diverse geographical and global distribution. Globally, livestock outbreaks have declined but in Africa significant outbreaks continue to occur with most countries still categorized as enzootic, hyper endemic or sporadic. Uganda experiences sporadic human and livestock cases. Severe large-scale outbreaks occur periodically in hippos (Hippopotamus amphibious) at Queen Elizabeth Protected Area, where in 2004/2005 and 2010 anthrax killed 437 hippos. Ecological drivers of these outbrea…
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28 de noviembre de 2018
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Evaluation of the McLintock syringe as a cause of non-specific reactions in the intradermal tuberculin test used for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis
Artículo de investigación publicado en Research in Veterinary Science
The objective of this study was to elucidate whether the use of the McLintock syringe, used to inject tuberculin in cattle in several countries and based on an intradermal inoculation by needle, may, in itself, cause skin reactions that can be interpreted as positive reactions regardless of the real tuberculosis (TB) infection status of the animals.
Forty-four cattle from an officially TB-free (OTF) herd were selected for the experiment. Each animal received four inoculations [one with sterile phosphate buffer saline (PBS) with 10% of glycerol and three with bovine purified protein derivative…
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21 de noviembre de 2018
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Development and characterization of mouse monoclonal antibodies to eight human complement components: analysis of reactivity with orthologs of nine mammalian genera
Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases publica este artículo de investigación
Abstract
To study complement function in mammalian leishmanioses, we developed mouse monoclonal antibodies to the human complement system components C1q, C4, factor D, factor H, factor B, properdin, C5 and C9. Antibody specificity was determined by indirect and capture ELISA and by Western blot. In flow cytometry analysis, seven antibodies recognized the cognate component on human serum-opsonized Leishmania promastigotes. Antibody reactivity was screened against promastigotes opsonized with sera of nine mammalian genera: pig, guinea pig, goat, rabbit, cat, dog, hamster, jird and rat. No antib…
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1 de noviembre de 2018
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Rapid differentiation of Staphylococcus aureus subspecies based on MALDI-TOF MS profiles
Investigación publicada en Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation
Staphylococcus aureus encompasses 2 subspecies ( aureus and anaerobius) with significant differences in their epidemiology and pathogenicity. We evaluated the suitability of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for the rapid identification of both subspecies using a panel of 52 S. aureus isolates (30 subsp. anaerobius and 22 subsp. aureus) recovered from different origins, countries, and years. The on-board library identification system correctly identified 42 of 52 (81%) S. aureus isolates at the species level with score values >2.0. Limi…
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1 de noviembre de 2018
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Epidemiological surveillance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in extensively raised pigs in the south of Spain
Preventive Veterinary Medicine publica este artículo de investigación
The role of domestic pigs in the epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) is considered to be limited due to the characteristics of intensive production systems. However, in southwestern Spain, Iberian pigs are usually raised under extensive management systems, sharing their habitat with other domestic and wild species, some of which may act as reservoirs of MTC. Our objective was to determine the seroprevalence, risk factors, spatial distribution and spoligotypes of MTC circulating in extensively farmed pigs in Andalusia (southern Spain), a region with a high prevalence of tub…
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1 de noviembre de 2018
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Use of processing fluids and serum samples to characterize porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus dynamics in 3 day-old pigs
Investigación publicada en Veterinary Microbiology
Collection of serum samples of pigs at weaning to monitor for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has become a common practice to determine PRRSV herd infection status. Diagnostic sensitivity of this practice is low in herds undergoing PRRSV elimination once prevalence of infection is near zero. Thus, the goal of this study was to characterize the dynamics of PRRSV infection in 3 day-old pigs overtime using serum and serosanguineous fluids obtained as part of castration and tail docking practices (processing fluids (PF)). Secondary goal was to estimate sensitivity and s…
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24 de octubre de 2018
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Current concepts and contents of Veterinary Public Health and Veterinary Health Polic
Revista española de Salud Pública publica este artículo de investigación
Human and veterinary medicine obviously share most concepts and contents. However, both academic and scientific issues and the daily practice of many health disciplines can differ largely between human and veterinary medicine. Such differences can easily go unnoticed among other healthcare collectives or the general public. The aim of the present work was to provide an update, as well as some definitions of what we understand under the terms Veterinary Public Health and Veterinary Health Policy…
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