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High Doses of Inactivated African Swine Fever Virus Are Safe, but Do Not Confer Protection against a Virulent Challenge

Investigation article published in Vaccines

March 10th, 2021

Abstract: African swine fever (ASF) is currently the major concern of the global swine industry, as a consequence of which a reconsideration of the containment and prevention measures taken to date is urgently required. A great interest in developing an effective and safe vaccine against ASF virus (ASFV) infection has, therefore, recently appeared. The objective of the present study
is to test an inactivated ASFV preparation under a vaccination strategy that has not previously been tested in order to improve its protective effect. The following have been considered: (i) virus inactivation by using a low binary ethyleneimine (BEI) concentration at a low temperature, (ii) the use of new and strong adjuvants; (iii) the use of very high doses (6 × 109 haemadsorption in 50%
of infected cultures (HAD50)), and (iv) simultaneous double inoculation by two different routes of administration: intradermal and intramuscular. Five groups of pigs were, therefore, inoculated with BEI- Pol16/DP/OUT21 in different adjuvant formulations, twice with a 4-week interval. Six weeks later, all groups were intramuscularly challenged with 10 HAD50 of the virulent Pol16/DP/OUT21
ASFV isolate. All the animals had clinical signs and pathological findings consistent with ASF. This lack of effectiveness supports the claim that an inactivated virus strategy may not be a viable vaccine option with which to fight ASF




Cadenas-Fernández E., Sanchez-Vizcaino JM., van den Born E., Kosowska A., van Kilsdonk E., Fernandez-Pacheco P., Gallardo C., Arias M. and Barasona JA..




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High Doses of Inactivated African Swine Fever Virus Are Safe, but Do Not Confer Protection against a Virulent Challenge

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High Doses of Inactivated African Swine Fever Virus Are Safe, but Do Not Confer Protection against a Virulent Challenge



Participants:

Universidad ComplutenseServicio de Inmunología Viral y Medicina Preventiva (SUAT). Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria (VISAVET). Universidad Complutense (UCM).

Universidad ComplutenseDepartamento de Sanidad Animal. Facultad de Veterinaria. Universidad Complutense (UCM).

Merck Sharp & DohmeMSD Animal Health. Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD).

Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y AlimentariaEuropean Union Reference Laboratory for African Swine Fever. Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA). Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA).







Vaccines
FACTOR YEAR Q
4.961 2021

PMID: 33802021

ISSN: 2076-393X



TITLE: High Doses of Inactivated African Swine Fever Virus Are Safe, but Do Not Confer Protection against a Virulent Challenge


JOURNAL: Vaccines


NUMERACIÓN: 9(3):242


AÑO: 2021


PUBLISHER: MDPI Basel


AUTHORS: Cadenas-Fernández E., Sanchez-Vizcaino JM., van den Born E., Kosowska A., van Kilsdonk E., Fernandez-Pacheco P., Gallardo C., Arias M. and Barasona JA..


2nd
José Manuel Sánchez-Vizcaíno Rodríguez
4th
Aleksandra Kosowska
8th
María Luisa Arias Neira
Last
José Ángel Barasona García-Arévalo

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9030242


CITE THIS PUBLICATION:

Cadenas-Fernández E., Sanchez-Vizcaino JM., van den Born E., Kosowska A., van Kilsdonk E., Fernandez-Pacheco P., Gallardo C., Arias M. and Barasona JA. High Doses of Inactivated African Swine Fever Virus Are Safe, but Do Not Confer Protection against a Virulent Challenge. Vaccines. 9(3):242. 2021. (A). ISSN: 2076-393X. DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9030242


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