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Update on the Risk of Introduction of African Swine Fever by Wild Boar into Disease-Free European Union Countries

Investigation article published in Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

October 1st, 2017

Despite efforts to prevent the appearance and spread of African swine fever (ASF) in the European Union, several Member States are now affected (Lithuania, Poland, Latvia and Estonia). Disease appearance in 2014 was associated with multiple entrances linked to wild boar movement from endemic areas (EFSA Journal, 8, 2015, 1556), but the risk of new introductions remains high (Gallardo et al., Porcine Health Management, 1, and 21) as ASF continues to be active in endemic countries (Russian Federation, Belarus and Ukraine). Since 2014, the number of ASF notifications has increased substantially, particularly in wild boar (WB), in parallel with slow but constant geographical advance of the disease. This situation suggests a real risk of further disease spread into other Member States, posing a great threat to pig production in the EU. Following the principles of the risk-based veterinary surveillance, this article applies a methodology developed by De la Torre et al. (Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 62, and 272) to assess the relative risk of new introductions of ASF by natural movements of WB according to the current epidemiological situation. This update incorporates the most recent available data and an improved version of the most important risk estimator: an optimized cartographic tool of WB distribution to analyse wild boar suitable habitat. The highest relative risk values were estimated for Slovakia (5) and Romania (5), followed by Finland (4), Czech Republic (3) and Germany (3). Relative risk for Romania and Finland is associated mainly with disease entrance from endemic areas such as the Russian Federation and Ukraine, where the disease is currently spreading; relative risk for Germany and Czech Republic is associated mainly with the potential progress of the disease through the EU, and relative risk for Slovakia is associated with both pathways. WB habitat is the most important risk estimator, whereas WB density is the least significant, suggesting that WB presence is more relevant than density. These results can provide actionable advice for dealing with risk. They can be directly used to inform risk-based national strategies and identify countries that may need to pay greater attention to surveillance or conduct additional evaluations at the subnational level




Bosch J., Rodriguez A., Iglesias I., Munoz MJ., Jurado C., Sanchez-Vizcaino JM. and de la Torre A.




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Update on the Risk of Introduction of African Swine Fever by Wild Boar into Disease-Free European Union Countries

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Update on the Risk of Introduction of African Swine Fever by Wild Boar into Disease-Free European Union Countries



Participants:

Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y AlimentariaCentro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA). Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA).

Universidad ComplutenseServicio de Inmunología Viral y Medicina Preventiva (SUAT). Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria (VISAVET). Universidad Complutense (UCM).

Universidad ComplutenseDepartamento de Sanidad Animal. Facultad de Veterinaria. Universidad Complutense (UCM).







Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
FACTOR YEAR Q
3.504 2017

NLMID: 101319538

PMID: 27354186

ISSN: 1865-1674



TITLE: Update on the Risk of Introduction of African Swine Fever by Wild Boar into Disease-Free European Union Countries


JOURNAL: Transbound Emerg Dis


NUMERACIÓN: 64(5):1424-1432


AÑO: 2017


PUBLISHER: Wiley


AUTHORS: Bosch J., Rodriguez A., Iglesias I., Munoz MJ., Jurado C., Sanchez-Vizcaino JM. and de la Torre A.


First
Jaime Bosch López
6th
José Manuel Sánchez-Vizcaíno Rodríguez
Last
Ana de la Torre Reoyo

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.12527


CITE THIS PUBLICATION:

Bosch J., Rodriguez A., Iglesias I., Munoz MJ., Jurado C., Sanchez-Vizcaino JM. and de la Torre A. Update on the Risk of Introduction of African Swine Fever by Wild Boar into Disease-Free European Union Countries. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. 64(5):1424-1432. 2017. (A). ISSN: 1865-1674. DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12527


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