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Challenging boundaries: is cross-protection evaluation necessary for African swine fever vaccine development? A case of oral vaccination in wild boar

Investigation published in Frontiers in immunology

October 1st, 2024

African swine fever (ASF) poses a significant threat to domestic pigs and wild boar (Sus scrofa) populations, with the current epidemiological situation more critical than ever. The disease has spread across five continents, causing devastating losses in the swine industry. Although extensive research efforts are ongoing to develop an effective and safe vaccine, this goal remains difficult to achieve.
Among the potential vaccine candidates, live attenuated viruses (LAVs) have emerged as the most promising option due to their ability to provide strong protection against experimental challenges. However, ASF virus (ASFV) is highly diverse, with genetic and phenotypic variations across different isolates, which differ in virulence. This study highlights the limitations of a natural LAV strain (Lv17/WB/Rie1), which showed partial efficacy against a highly virulent and partially heterologous isolate (Arm07; genotype II). However, the LAV`s
effectiveness was incomplete when tested against a more phylogenetically distant virus (Ken06.Bus; genotype IX). These findings raise concerns about the feasibility of developing a universal vaccine for ASFV in the near future, emphasizing the urgent need to assess the protective scope of LAV candidates across different ASFV isolates to better define their limitations




Cadenas-Fernández E., Barroso-Arevalo S., Kosowska A., Diaz-de Frutos M., Gallardo A., Rodriguez-Bertos A., Bosch BJ., Sanchez-Vizcaino JM. and Barasona JA..




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Challenging boundaries: is cross-protection evaluation necessary for African swine fever vaccine development? A case of oral vaccination in wild boar

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Challenging boundaries: is cross-protection evaluation necessary for African swine fever vaccine development? A case of oral vaccination in wild boar



Participants:

Universidad ComplutenseServicio de Inmunología Viral y Medicina Preventiva (SUAT). Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria (VISAVET). Universidad Complutense (UCM).

Universidad ComplutenseDepartamento de Sanidad Animal. Facultad de Veterinaria. Universidad Complutense (UCM).

Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y AlimentariaEuropean Union Reference Laboratory for African Swine Fever. Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA). Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA).

Universidad ComplutenseDepartamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal. Facultad de Veterinaria. Universidad Complutense (UCM).







Frontiers in immunology
FACTOR YEAR Q
5.700 2023

NLMID: 101530960

PMID: 39411716

ISSN: 1664-3224



TITLE: Challenging boundaries: is cross-protection evaluation necessary for African swine fever vaccine development? A case of oral vaccination in wild boar


JOURNAL: Front Immunol


NUMERACIÓN: 15


AÑO: 2024


PUBLISHER: Frontiers Research Foundation


AUTHORS: Cadenas-Fernández E., Barroso-Arevalo S., Kosowska A., Diaz-de Frutos M., Gallardo A., Rodriguez-Bertos A., Bosch BJ., Sanchez-Vizcaino JM. and Barasona JA..


2nd
Sandra Barroso Arévalo
3rd
Aleksandra Kosowska
6th
Antonio Manuel Rodríguez Bertos
8th
José Manuel Sánchez-Vizcaíno Rodríguez
Last
José Ángel Barasona García-Arévalo

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1388812. eCollection 2024


CITE THIS PUBLICATION:

Cadenas-Fernández E., Barroso-Arevalo S., Kosowska A., Diaz-de Frutos M., Gallardo A., Rodriguez-Bertos A., Bosch BJ., Sanchez-Vizcaino JM. and Barasona JA. Challenging boundaries: is cross-protection evaluation necessary for African swine fever vaccine development? A case of oral vaccination in wild boar. Frontiers in immunology. 15. 2024. (A). ISSN: 1664-3224. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1388812. eCollection 2024


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