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Histopathologic evaluation system of African swine fever in wild boar infected with high (Arm07) and low virulence (Lv17/WB/Riel) isolates

Investigation published in Veterinary Pathology

July 30th, 2024

To understand the clinicopathological forms of African swine fever (ASF) in wild boar, it is crucial to possess a basic knowledge of the biological characteristics of the currently circulating ASF virus isolates. The aim of this work is to establish an accurate and comprehensive histopathologic grading system to standardize the assessment of the ASF lesions in wild boar. The study evaluated the differences between animals infected with a high virulence genotype II isolate (Arm07) (HVI) through intramuscular (IM) (n = 6) and contact-infected (n = 12) routes, alongside those orally infected with a low virulence isolate (Lv17/WB/Riel) (LVI) (n = 6). The assessment included clinical (CS), macroscopic (MS), and histopathologic (HS) scores, as well as viral loads in blood and tissues by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Tissues examined included skin, lymph nodes, bone marrow, palatine tonsil, lungs, spleen, liver, kidneys, thymus, heart, adrenal glands, pancreas, urinary bladder, brain, and gastrointestinal and reproductive tracts. The HVI group exhibited a 100% mortality rate with elevated CS, MS, and HS values. Animals infected by contact (CS = 12; MS = 58.5; HS = 112) and those intramuscularly infected (CS = 14.8; MS = 47; HS = 104) demonstrated similar values, indicating that the route of infection does not decisively influence the severity of clinical and pathological signs. The LVI group showed a 0% mortality rate, an inconspicuous clinical form, minimal lesions (CS = 0; MS = 12; HS = 29), and a lower viral load. Histopathologic evaluation has proven valuable in advancing our comprehension of ASF pathogenesis in wild boar and paves the groundwork for further research investigating protective mechanisms in vaccinated animals




Porras N., Sanchez-Vizcaino JM., Barasona JA., Gómez-Buendía A., Cadenas-Fernández E. and Rodriguez-Bertos A..




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Histopathologic evaluation system of African swine fever in wild boar infected with high (Arm07) and low virulence (Lv17/WB/Riel) isolates

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Histopathologic evaluation system of African swine fever in wild boar infected with high (Arm07) and low virulence (Lv17/WB/Riel) isolates



Participants:

Universidad ComplutenseServicio de Patología y Veterinaria Forense (SAP). Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria (VISAVET). Universidad Complutense (UCM).

Universidad ComplutenseDepartamento de Sanidad Animal. Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal. Facultad de Veterinaria. Universidad Complutense (UCM).







Veterinary Pathology
FACTOR YEAR Q
0.960 2022

NLMID: 312020

PMID: 39078034

ISSN: 0300-9858



TITLE: Histopathologic evaluation system of African swine fever in wild boar infected with high (Arm07) and low virulence (Lv17/WB/Riel) isolates


JOURNAL: Vet Pathol


NUMERACIÓN: 3009858241266944


AÑO: 2024


PUBLISHER: American College of Veterinary Pathologists


AUTHORS: Porras N., Sanchez-Vizcaino JM., Barasona JA., Gómez-Buendía A., Cadenas-Fernández E. and Rodriguez-Bertos A..


First
Néstor Porras González
2nd
José Manuel Sánchez-Vizcaíno Rodríguez
3rd
José Ángel Barasona García-Arévalo
4th
Alberto Gómez Buendía
Last
Antonio Manuel Rodríguez Bertos

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858241266944


CITE THIS PUBLICATION:

Porras N., Sanchez-Vizcaino JM., Barasona JA., Gómez-Buendía A., Cadenas-Fernández E. and Rodriguez-Bertos A. Histopathologic evaluation system of African swine fever in wild boar infected with high (Arm07) and low virulence (Lv17/WB/Riel) isolates. Veterinary Pathology. 3009858241266944. 2024. (A). ISSN: 0300-9858. DOI: 10.1177/03009858241266944


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