A high titer antibody response against P22 protein immunocomplex is not correlated with protection in naturally tuberculosis-infected goats
Investigation article published in The Veterinary quarterly
December 2nd, 2024
Caprine livestock are significant reservoirs of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), contributing to tuberculosis (TB) transmission among animals and humans. The P22 protein immunocomplex (P22PI), derived from bovine tuberculin, shows immunostimulating capacity and is used for TB diagnosis. This study assessed the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of P22PI in two groups of goats: 24 naïve goats (12 immunised, 12 controls) from a TB-free herd, and 24 infected goats (12 immunised, 12 controls), referred to as pre-infected animals, from a M. bovis-infected herd. Both were exposed for 5 months to M. bovis-naturally infected goats. Reactors to single and comparative intradermal tuberculin (SIT and SCIT, respectively) tests and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) significantly increased (p < 0.05) in both groups 5 months` post-exposure, with no significant differences between immunised and control animals. However, immunised animals exhibited a significantly higher (p < 0.05) antibody response against P22PI. Most naïve animals (83.3%) and all pre-infected animals developed TB-compatible lesions, with extensive necrosis in the lungs and associated lymph nodes, compared to 50% and 83.3% of control animals, respectively. These findings suggest that while P22PI stimulates an intense antibody response under the conditions of the present study, it does not confer protection against TB and may exacerbate disease severity
Ortega J., Agullo-Ros I., Roy A., Moreno I., Gómez-Buendía A., Romero B., Ferreras-Colina E., de Juan L., Dominguez M., Dominguez L., Risalde MA. and Bezos J..
 | Departamento de Sanidad Animal. Facultad de Veterinaria. Universidad Complutense (UCM). |
| Servicio de Micobacterias (MYC). Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria (VISAVET). Universidad Complutense (UCM). |
 | Departamento de Sanidad Animal. Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas. Facultad de Veterinaria. Universidad de Córdoba (UCO). |
 | Servicio de Inmunología. Centro Nacional de Microbiología (CNM). Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII). |
 | Sanidad y Biotecnología (SaBio). Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC). Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC). Universidad de Castilla La Mancha (UCLM). Gobierno de Castilla-La Mancha (JCCM). |
| Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC). Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII). |
