Publicaciones científicas SCI 2012
Construction of swine-specific CpG motif plasmid and the study of itsimmunostimulatory effects both in vitro and in vivo
The Journal Of Veterinary Medical Science 74(12):1647-50.
A swine-specific CpG motif enriched plasmid (pUC18-CpG) was constructed in this study. Its immunostimulant property was tested in vitro via lymphocyte transformation assay using swine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The recombinant plasmid showed high Stimulation Index (SI) compared to the positive control (LPS). In a following animal vaccination-challenge experiment, pUC18-CpG was co-administered with a commercial swine FMD killed vaccine. Animals in the pUC18-CpG adjuvanted groups showed much higher antibody titers during the vaccination period… Leer más
Guo X., Jia H., Yuan W., Zhang Q., Hou S., Sun Y., Zhu G., Zhu H. y Sanchez-Vizcaino JM..
Global gene expression analysis in skin biopsies of European red deer experimentally infected with bluetongue virus serotypes 1 and 8
Veterinary Microbiology 161(1-2):26-35.
Bluetongue virus (BTV) is a double-stranded RNA virus transmitted by blood-feeding biting midges of the genus Culicoides to wild and domestic ruminants, causing high morbidity and variable mortality. The aim of this study was to characterize differential gene expression in skin biopsies of red deer (Cervus elaphus) hinds experimentally infected with BTV serotypes 1 and 8. Skin biopsies were collected from BTV-1 and BTV-8 experimentally infected and control hinds at 14 and 98 days post-infection (dpi). Global gene expression profile in response to BTV infection was characterized at 14dpi using a bovine microarray together with real-time RT-PCR analysis of differentially expressed genes at 14 and 98dpi. Eighteen genes were upregulated and thr… Leer más
Galindo RC., Falconi C., Lopez-Olvera JR., Jimenez-Clavero MA., Fernandez-Pacheco P., Fernandez-Pinero J., Sanchez-Vizcaino JM., Gortazar C. y de la Fuente J.
Microbial food safety in Ghana: a meta-analysis
Journal Of Infection In Developing Countries 6(12):828-35.
INTRODUCTION: Food safety is a crucial factor in the growth of developing countries worldwide. In this study, we present a meta-analysis of microbiological food safety publications from Ghana.
METHODOLOGY: The search words "Ghana food safety", "Ghana food research", and "Ghana food bacteria" were used to search for microbiological food safety publications with related abstracts or titles in PubMed, published between 1997 and 2009. We obtained 183 research articles, from which we excluded articles concerning ready-to-eat microbial fermented foods and waterborne microorganisms as well as articles without abstracts. The criteria used for analysis of these publications were based on an assessment of methodological soundness previously de… Leer más
Saba C. y Gonzalez-Zorn B..
Is Nestling Growth Affected by Nest Reuse and Skin Bacteria in Pied Flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca?
Acta Ornithologica 47(2):119-127.
Bacteria may colonize avian nests with unknown repercussions on nestling growth and health, although bacteria on nest materials may easily colonize nestling skin and growing feathers. Cavity nesters may have to build their nests on top of used nest materials, given restrictions on cavity availability. Nest reuse may favour bacterial colonization of nest materials and nestling skin and thereby affect nestling feather growth. To test these possibilities, we conducted a study of Pied Flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca breeding in nest-boxes in central Spain. We left a sample of nest-boxes without removing old nest materials in 2010 and compared bacterial loads of nest materials, control inert objects and nestling belly skin in reused nests with th… Leer más
Gonzalez-Braojos S., Vela AI., Ruiz de Castaneda R., Briones V., Cantarero A. y Moreno J.
Effect of cattle on Salmonella carriage, diversity and antimicrobial resistance in free-ranging wild boar (Sus scrofa) in northeastern Spain
PLoS ONE 7(12):e51614.
Salmonella is distributed worldwide and is a pathogen of economic and public health importance. As a multi-host pathogen with a long environmental persistence, it is a suitable model for the study of wildlife-livestock interactions. In this work, we aim to explore the spill-over of Salmonella between free-ranging wild boar and livestock in a protected natural area in NE Spain and the presence of antimicrobial resistance. Salmonella prevalence, serotypes and diversity were compared between wild boars, sympatric cattle and wild boars from cattle-free areas. The effect of age, sex, cattle presence and cattle herd size on Salmonella probability of infection in wild boars was explored by means of Generalized Linear Models and a model selection b… Leer más
Navarro-Gonzalez N., Mentaberre G., Porrero MC., Serrano E., Mateos A., Lopez-Martin JM. y Dominguez L..
Chryseobacterium viscerum sp. nov., isolated from diseased fish
International Journal Of Systematic And Evolutionary Microbiology 62(Pt 12):2934-40.
A taxonomic study was carried out on five Gram-staining-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, rod-shaped bacteria isolated from the gill and liver of five diseased rainbow trout. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the trout isolates belonged to the genus Chryseobacterium, exhibiting the highest similarity with Chryseobacterium oncorhynchi 701B-08T (98.9 % sequence similarity), C. ureilyticum F-Fue-04IIIaaaaT (98.6 %), C. indologenes ATCC 29897T (98.3 %), C. jejuense JS17-8T (98.1 %) and C. gleum ATCC 35910T (98.1 %). DNA-DNA hybridization values were 99-100 % among the five isolates and 21 and 57 % between strain 687B-08T, selected as a representative isolate, and the type strains of Chryseobacterium oncorhynchi 701B-08T, … Leer más
Zamora L., Vela AI., Palacios MA., Sanchez-Porro C., Svensson-Stadler LA., Dominguez L., Moore ERB., Ventosa A. y Fernandez-Garayzabal JF..
Monitoring of African swine fever in the wild boar population of the most recent endemic area of Spain
Transboundary And Emerging Diseases 59(6):526-31.
Wild boars are natural hosts for African swine fever (ASF). The ASF virus (ASFV) can persist for long periods in the environment, such as in ticks and contaminated products, which may be sources of infection for wild boar populations. African swine fever was eradicated in domestic pig populations in Spain in 1995, after 35 years of significant effort. To determine whether ASFV can persist in wild boar hosts after it has been eradicated from domestic pigs and to study the role of wild boar in helping ASFV persist in the environment, we checked for the presence of ASFV in wild boars in Doñana National Park, one of the largest natural habitats of wild boar in Spain and one of the last areas where ASF was endemic prior its eradication. Sa… Leer más
Mur L., Boadella M., Martinez-Lopez B., Gallardo C., Gortazar C. y Sanchez-Vizcaino JM..
Epidemiological factors associated with the exposure of cattle to Coxiella burnetii in the Madrid region of Spain
The Veterinary Journal 194(1):102-107.
Domestic ruminants are considered to be the major source of Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever. Even though Q fever is considered to be present worldwide, its distribution in many areas and countries remains unknown. Here, a serological assay was used to estimate the seroprevalence of C. burnetii in cattle in the Madrid region of Spain, to assess its spatial distribution, and to identify risk factors associated with positive results. Ten animals from each of 110 herds (n=1100) were randomly selected and analyzed using an ELISA test. In addition, epidemiological information, at both the herd and individual level, was collected. Variables for which an association with test results was detected in a bivariate analysis were inclu… Leer más
Alvarez J., Perez AM., Mardones FO., Perez-Sancho M., Garcia-Seco T., Pages E., Mirat F., Diaz R., Carpintero J. y Dominguez L..
Evaluation of specificity of tuberculosis diagnostic assays in caprine flocks under different epidemiological situations
Research In Veterinary Science 93(2):636-40.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the specificity of the most widely used tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic tests, single intradermal tuberculin (SIT) and single comparative intradermal tuberculin (SCIT) tests and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) assay in 937 animals from eight TB-free caprine flocks under different epidemiological situations. Maximum specificity was found using SCIT test (99.4-100% depending on the interpretation criteria) while SIT test and IFN-γ assay showed a slightly lower overall specificity (97.6-99.2% and 96.4-98.4%respectively). Specificity of the SIT test in a C.pseudotuberculosis infected flock was significantly (P < 0.05) lower if a severe interpretation criterion was applied. Similarly, specificity values of S… Leer más
Bezos J., Alvarez J., Minguez O., Marques S., Martin O., Vigo V., Pieltain C., Romero B., Rodriguez-Campos S., Casal C., Mateos A., Dominguez L. y de Juan L..
Survey of quantitative antimicrobial consumption in two different pig finishing systems
The Veterinary Record 171(13):325.
The primary objectives of this study were to: (a) collect on-farm antimicrobial use (AMU) data in fattener pigs employing two questionnaire-based surveys; (b) assess different quantitative measures for quantifying AMU in fattener pigs; (c) compare AMU in fattener pigs between two different management systems producing finishers: farrow-to-finish (FtF) farms versus finisher farms. Two questionnaires were designed both containing five groups of questions focused on the responder, the farm and AMU (eg, in-feed, in-drinking water and parenteral); both surveys were carried out by means of personal face-to-face interviews. Both surveys started with a sample size of 108 potentially eligible farms per survey; nevertheless, finally 67 finisher farms… Leer más
Moreno MA.
A 16kb naturally occurring genomic deletion including mce and PPE genes in Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis isolates from goats with Johne`s disease
Veterinary Microbiology 159(1-2):60-8.
In this study we characterise the genomic and transcriptomic variability of a natural deletion strain of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) prevalent in Spanish Guadarrama goats. Using a pan-genome microarray including MAP and M. avium subspecies hominissuis 104 genomes (MAPAC) we demonstrate the genotype to be MAP Type II with a single deletion of 19 contiguous ORFs (16kb) including a complete mammalian cell entry (mce7_1) operon and adjacent proline-glutamic acid (PE)/proline-proline-glutamic acid (PPE) genes. A deletion specific PCR test was developed and a subsequent screening identified four goat herds infected with the variant strain. Each was located in central Spain and showed epidemiological links suggestive of t… Leer más
Castellanos E., Aranaz A., de Juan L., Dominguez L., Linedale R. y Bull TJ.
Evidence for BTV-4 circulation in free-ranging red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Cabañeros National Park, Spain
Veterinary Microbiology 159(1-2):40-6.
Bluetongue (BT) is an infectious disease of wild and domestic ruminants caused by bluetongue virus (BTV). BTV-4 spread through southern Spain from 2004 to 2006, whereas a BTV-1 outbreak that started in southern Spain in 2007 is still ongoing. Vaccination and movement restriction regulations are applied to domestic ruminants to control BT, but the potential reservoir role of wild European ungulates has not been clarified so far. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of BTV in the wild free-ranging red deer (Cervus elaphus) population of Cabañeros National Park (CNP) in central Spain during the BTV-4 and BTV-1 epizootics, assessing the potential role of this deer population as a BTV reservoir. Blood samples from 2885 (2542 ad… Leer más
Falconi C., Lopez-Olvera JR., Boadella M., Camarena J., Rosell R., Alcaide V., Vicente J., Sanchez-Vizcaino JM., Pujols J. y Gortazar C.
Natural Bagaza virus infection in game birds in southern Spain
Veterinary Research 43(1):65.
In late summer 2010 a mosquito born flavivirus not previously reported in Europe called Bagaza virus (BAGV) caused high mortality in red-legged partridges (Alectoris rufa) and ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus). We studied clinical findings, lesions and viral antigen distribution in naturally BAGV infected game birds in order to understand the apparently higher impact on red-legged partridges. The disease induced neurologic signs in the two galliform species and, to a lesser extent, in common wood pigeons (Columba palumbus). In red-legged partridges infection by BAGV caused severe haemosiderosis in the liver and spleen that was absent in pheasants and less evident in common wood pigeons. Also, BAGV antigen was present in vascular e… Leer más
Gamino V., Gutierrez-Guzman AV., Fernandez de Mera IG., Ortiz JA., Duran-Martin M., de la Fuente J., Gortazar C. y Hofle U.
Ecology of antimicrobial resistance: humans, animals, food and environment
International Microbiology 15(3):101-9.
Antimicrobial resistance is a major health problem. After decades of research, numerous difficulties in tackling resistance have emerged, from the paucity of new antimicrobials to the inefficient contingency plans to reduce the use of antimicrobials; consequently, resistance to these drugs is out of control. Today we know that bacteria from the environment are often at the very origin of the acquired resistance determinants found in hospitals worldwide. Here we define the genetic components that flow from the environment to pathogenic bacteria and thereby confer a quantum increase in resistance levels, as resistance units (RU). Environmental bacteria as well as microbiomes from humans, animals, and food represent an infinite reservoir of RU… Leer más
The highly dynamic CRISPR1 system of Streptococcus agalactiae controls the diversity of its mobilome
Molecular Microbiology 85(6):1057-1071.
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) confer immunity against mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in prokaryotes. Streptococcus agalactiae, a leading cause of neonatal infections contains in its genome two CRISPR/Cas systems. We show that type 1-C CRISPR2 is present in few strains but type 2-A CRISPR1 is ubiquitous. Comparative sequence analysis of the CRISPR1 spacer content of 351 S. agalactiae strains revealed that it is extremely diverse due to the acquisition of new spacers, spacer duplications and spacer deletions that witness the dynamics of this system. The spacer content profile mirrors the S. agalactiae population structure. Transfer of a conjugative transposon targeted by CRISPR1 selected for sp… Leer más
Lopez-Sanchez MJ., Sauvage E., Da Cunha V., Clermont D., Ratsima-Hariniaina E., Gonzalez-Zorn B., Poyart C., Rosinski-Chupin I. y Glaser P.
Molecular organization of small plasmids bearing blaTEM-1 and conferring resistance to beta-lactams in Haemophilus influenzae
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy 56(9):4958-60.
TEM-1 is the dominat β-lactamase of Haemophilus influenzae and can be located on small plasmids. Three distinct plasmids from 4,304 to 5,646 nt were characterized: pA1606, pA1209 and pPN223. In addition to TEM-1 and a replication enzyme of the Rep 3 superfamily, pA1606 encodes a Tn3 resolvase gene and pA1606 and pA1209 encode an ORF similar to a plasmid recombination enzyme gene described in Gram-positive bacteria. The plasmids transformed strain Rd to the ampicillin-resistant phenotype.… Leer más
Søndergaard A., San Millan A., Santos-Lopez A., Nielsen SM., Gonzalez-Zorn B. y Norskov-Lauritsen N.
Association of Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase VEB-5 and 16S rRNA Methyltransferase ArmA in Salmonella enterica from the United Kingdom
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy 56(9):4985-7.
Aminoglycosides and beta-lactams are used for the treatment of a wide range of infections due to both Gram-negative and Gram-positive. An emerging aminoglycoside resistance mechanism, methylation of the aminoacyl site of the 16S rRNA, confers high-level resistance to clinically important aminoglycosides such as amikacin, tobramycin and gentamicin. Eight 16S rRNA methyltransferase genes, armA, rmtA, rmtB, rmtC, rmtD, rmtE, rmtF and npmA, have been identified in several species of enterobacteria worldwide (2, 6, 7, 9, 11, 13, 14). Resistance to extended spectrum β-lactams remains additionally an important clinical problem. Apart from the large TEM, SHV, and CTX-M families, several other extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) have… Leer más
Hidalgo L., Hopkins KL., Wareham DW., Gutierrez B. y Gonzalez-Zorn B..
Identification of suitable areas for West Nile virus outbreaks in equid populations for application in surveillance plans: the example of the Castile and Leon region of Spain
Epidemiology And Infection 140(9):1617-31.
The introduction and rapid spread of West Nile virus (WNV) into new areas such as the American continent, associated also with the severity of the disease in humans and equids has increased concerns regarding the need to better prevent and control future WNV incursions. WNV outbreaks in equids usually occur under specific climatic and environmental conditions and, typically, before detection of WNV cases in humans. Targeting surveillance strategies in areas and time periods identified as suitable for WNV outbreaks in equids may act as an early-warning system to prevent disease in both equids and humans. This study used a GIS-based framework to identify suitable areas and time periods for WNV outbreak occurrence in one of the most important … Leer más
Rodriguez-Prieto V., Martinez-Lopez B., Martinez-Aviles M., Munoz MJ. y Sanchez-Vizcaino JM..
Gene expression profile suggests that pigs (Sus scrofa) are susceptible to Anaplasma phagocytophilum but control infection
Parasites And Vectors 5:181.
BACKGROUND: Anaplasma phagocytophilum infects a wide variety of hosts and causes granulocytic anaplasmosis in humans, horses and dogs and tick-borne fever in ruminants. Infection with A. phagocytophilum results in the modification of host gene expression and immune response. The objective of this research was to characterize gene expression in pigs (Sus scrofa) naturally and experimentally infected with A. phagocytophilum trying to identify mechanisms that help to explain low infection prevalence in this species.
RESULTS: For gene expression analysis in naturally infected pigs, microarray hybridization was used. The expression of differentially expressed immune response genes was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR in naturally and experime… Leer más
Galindo RC., Ayllon N., Smrdel KS., Boadella M., Beltran-Beck B., Mazariegos M., Garcia N., Perez de la Lastra JM., Avsic-Zupanc T., Kocan KM., Gortazar C. y de la Fuente J.
A Bayesian approach to study the risk variables for tuberculosis occurrence in domestic and wild ungulates in South Central Spain
BMC Veterinary Research 8(1):148.
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic infectious disease mainly caused by Mycobacterium bovis. Although eradication is a priority for the European authorities, bTB remains active or even increasing in many countries, causing significant economic losses. The integral consideration of epidemiological factors is crucial to more cost-effectively allocate control measures. The aim of this study was to identify the nature and extent of the association between TB distribution and a list of potential risk factors regarding cattle, wild ungulates and environmental aspects in Ciudad Real, a Spanish province with one of the highest TB herd prevalences… Leer más
Rodriguez-Prieto V., Martinez-Lopez B., Barasona JA., Acevedo P., Romero B., Rodriguez-Campos S., Gortazar C., Sanchez-Vizcaino JM. y Vicente J.
Risk of African swine fever introduction into the European Union through transport-associated routes: returning trucks and waste from international ships and planes
BMC Veterinary Research 8(1):149.
The uncontrolled presence of African swine fever (ASF) in Russian Federation (RF) poses a serious risk to the whole European Union (EU) pig industry. Although trade of pigs and their products is banned since the official notification in June 2007, the potential introduction of ASF virus (ASFV) may occur by other routes, which are very frequent in ASF, and more difficult to control, such as contaminated waste or infected vehicles. This study was intended to estimate the risk of ASFV introduction into the EU through three types of transport routes: returning trucks, waste from international ships and waste from international planes, which will be referred here as transport-associated routes (TAR). Since no detailed and official information wa… Leer más
Mur L., Martinez-Lopez B. y Sanchez-Vizcaino JM..
Incongruence between the cps type 2 genotype and host-related phenotypes of an Enterococcus faecalis food isolate
International Journal Of Food Microbiology 158(2):120-5.
Enterococcus faecalis is a nosocomial opportunistic pathogen, but is also found in fermented food products where it plays a fundamental role in the fermentation process. Previously, we have described the non-starter E. faecalis cheese isolate QA29b as harboring virulence genes and proven to be virulent in Galleria mellonella virulence model. In this study, we further characterized this food strain concerning traits relevant for the host-pathogen relationship. QA29b was found to belong to sequence type (ST) 72, a common ST among food isolates, and thus we consider it as a good representative of food E. faecalis strains. It demonstrated high ability to form biofilms, to adhere to epithelial cells and was readily eliminated by J774.A1 macropha… Leer más
Gaspar FB., Montero N., Akary E., Teixeira N., Matos R., Gonzalez-Zorn B., Barreto-Crespo MT., Serror P. y Silva Lopes MF.
Comparative assessment of analytical approaches to quantify the risk for introduction of rare animal diseases: the example of Avian Influenza in Spain
Risk Analysis 32(8):1433-40.
Trade of animals and animal products imposes an uncertain and variable risk for exotic animal diseases introduction into importing countries. Risk analysis provides importing countries with an objective, transparent, and internationally accepted method for assessing that risk. Over the last decades, European Union countries have conducted probabilistic risk assessments quite frequently to quantify the risk for rare animal diseases introduction into their territories. Most probabilistic animal health risk assessments have been typically classified into one-level and multilevel binomial models. One-level models are more simple than multilevel models because they assume that animals or products originate from one single population. However, it… Leer más
Sanchez-Vizcaino F., Perez AM., Martinez-Lopez B. y Sanchez-Vizcaino JM..
Study of peripheral blood cell populations involved in the immune response of goats naturally infected with Mycobacterium caprae
Research In Veterinary Science 93(1):163-7.
Tuberculosis in goats caused by Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae has noteworthy sanitary and economic implications. Current diagnostic assays are based on cellular immunity and although they have demonstrated a high sensitivity, some animals remain undetected. In the present study, flow cytometry has been used to determine changes in CD4+, CD8+ and CD25+ T cell populations in peripheral blood from naturally infected goats. Proportion of lymphocytes producing PPD-specific interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) was calculated and an ELISA for detection of PPD-specific IFN-γ was performed to measure the cytokine in plasma. The infected goats showed percentages of CD4+ T cells between 27.31% and 47.23% and there were not significant dif… Leer más
Bezos J., Alvarez J., Moreno I., de Juan L., Romero B., Rodriguez-Campos S., Dominguez M., Torano A., Mateos A., Dominguez L. y Aranaz A.
Molecular identification of tick-borne pathogens in Nigerian ticks
Veterinary Parasitology 187(3-4):572-7.
A molecular epidemiology investigation was undertaken in two Nigerian states (Plateau and Nassarawa) to determine the prevalence of pathogens of veterinary and public health importance associated with ticks collected from cattle and dogs using PCR, cloning and sequencing or reverse line blot techniques. A total of 218 tick samples, Amblyomma variegatum (N=153), Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus (N=45), and Rhipicephalus sanguineus (N=20) were sampled. Pathogens identified in ticks included piroplasmids (Babesia spp., Babesia bigemina and Babesia divergens), Anaplasma marginale and Rickettsia africae. Piroplasmids were identified in A. variegatum, A. marginale was found in R. decoloratus, while R. africae was detected in all tick species… Leer más
Ogo NI., Fernandez de Mera IG., Galindo RC., Okubanjo OO., Inuwa HM., Agbede RI., Torina A., Alongi A., Vicente J., Gortazar C. y de la Fuente J.
Chryseobacterium tructae sp. nov., isolated from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Systematic And Applied Microbiology 35(5):315-9.
Three pale-orange bacteria (strains 1083-08, 1084-08(T) and 1095B-08) were isolated from diseased rainbow trout. The isolates were Gram-staining-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, rod-shaped cells. Analyses of their 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed their adscription to the genus Chryseobacterium. The three isolates shared 100% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and 98.5% similarity with Chryseobacterium indologenes CCUG 14556(T), being the closest phylogenetically related species. Genomic DNA-DNA hybridization similarity values between the three isolates were 94-100% and 2-39% between strain 1084-08(T) and the type strains of other related Chryseobacterium species, confirming that the isolates represent a novel species within the gen… Leer más
Zamora L., Vela AI., Palacios MA., Sanchez-Porro C., Moore ERB., Dominguez L., Ventosa A. y Fernandez-Garayzabal JF..
Evaluation of four protocols for the detection and isolation of thermophilic Campylobacter from different matrices
Journal Of Applied Microbiology 113(1):200-8.
To identify the optimal method for detection of thermophilic Campylobacter at various stages in the food chain, three culture-dependent (direct plating, Bolton and Preston enrichment) and one molecular method (qPCR) were compared for three matrices: poultry faeces (n=38), neck skin (n=38) and packed fresh meat (n=38). Methods and Results: Direct plating was compared to enrichment with either Bolton broth (ISO 10272:2006-1) or Preston broth, followed by culture on two selective agars: modified Charcoal Cefoperazone Desoxycholate Agar (mCCDA) and Campyfood agar (CFA). Direct plating on CFA provided the highest number of positive samples for faeces and neck skin samples. Enrichment of meat samples in Preston followed by plating on mCCDA gave s… Leer más
Ugarte-Ruiz M., Gomez S., Porrero MC., Alvarez J., Garcia M., Comeron MC., Wassenaar TM. y Dominguez L..
Characterization of plasmids in a human clinical strain of Lactococcus garvieae
PLoS ONE 7(6):e40119.
The present work describes the molecular characterization of five circular plasmids found in the human clinical strain Lactococcus garvieae 21881. The plasmids were designated pGL1-pGL5, with molecular sizes of 4,536 bp, 4,572 bp, 12,948 bp, 14,006 bp and 68,798 bp, respectively. Based on detailed sequence analysis, some of these plasmids appear to be mosaics composed of DNA obtained by modular exchange between different species of lactic acid bacteria. Based on sequence data and the derived presence of certain genes and proteins, the plasmid pGL2 appears to replicate via a rolling-circle mechanism, while the other four plasmids appear to belong to the group of lactococcal theta-type replicons. The plasmids pGL1, pGL2 and pGL5 encode putati… Leer más
Aguado-Urda M., Gibello A., Blanco MM., Lopez-Campos GH., Cutuli MT. y Fernandez-Garayzabal JF..
Eradication of bovine tuberculosis at a herd-level in Madrid, Spain: study of within-herd transmission dynamics over a 12 year period
BMC Veterinary Research 8(1):100.
BACKGROUND: Eradication of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) through the application of test-and-cull programs is a declared goal of developed countries in which the disease is still endemic. Here, longitudinal data from more than 1,700 cattle herds tested during a 12 year-period in the eradication program in the region of Madrid, Spain, were analyzed to quantify the within-herd transmission coefficient (beta) depending on the herd-type (beef/dairy/bullfighting). In addition, the probability to recover the officially bTB free (OTF) status in infected herds depending on the type of herd and the diagnostic strategy implemented was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: Overall, dairy herds showed higher beta (median 4.7) than beef or… Leer más
Alvarez J., Perez AM., Bezos J., Casal C., Romero B., Rodriguez-Campos S., Saez-Llorente JL., Diaz R., Carpintero J., de Juan L. y Dominguez L..
First isolation and characterization of Chryseobacterium shigense from rainbow trout
BMC Veterinary Research 8(1):77.
BACKGROUND: There have been an increasing number of infections in fish associated with different species of Chryseobacterium, being considered potentially emerging pathogens. Nevertheless the knowledge of the diversity of species associated with fish disease is partial due to the problems for a correct identification at the species level based exclusively on phenotypic laboratory methods.RESULTS: Chryseobacterium shigense was isolated from the liver, kidney and gills of diseased rainbow trout in different disease episodes that occurred in a fish farm between May 2008 and June 2009. Identity of the isolates was confirmed by 16 S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic characterization. Isolates represented a single strain as determined by random… Leer más
Zamora L., Vela AI., Palacio MA., Dominguez L. y Fernandez-Garayzabal JF..
Evaluation of two cocktails containing ESAT-6, CFP-10 and Rv-3615c in the intradermal test and the interferon-gamma assay for diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis
Preventive Veterinary Medicine 105(1-2):149-154.
The intradermal tuberculin tests and the interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) assay are the principal tests used worldwide for the ante-mortem diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. The conventional reagent currently in use in these tests is purified protein derivative (PPD) tuberculin obtained from Mycobacterium bovis culture. The components of PPD are poorly characterized and difficult to standardize. To overcome this issue, antigens specific to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex are being studied. Here we have assessed the biological potency of ESAT-6, CFP-10 and Rv-3615c presented as peptide or recombinant protein cocktails in comparison with the standard bovine PPD used routinely in Spanish eradication campaigns. The study was performed in cat… Leer más
Casal C., Bezos J., Diez-Guerrier A., Alvarez J., Romero B., de Juan L., Rodriguez-Campos S., Vordermeier M., Whelan A., Hewinson RG., Mateos A., Dominguez L. y Aranaz A.
No evidence that wild red deer (Cervus elaphus) on the Iberian Peninsula are a reservoir of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection
The Veterinary Journal 192(3):544-6.
The potential role of red deer (Cervus elaphus) as a reservoir of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) infection is largely unknown. A total of 332 wild red deer were investigated using post-mortem examination, bacteriology and serology. Only three animals (1.12%) were found to have lesions on histopathological examination and no MAP bacteria were recovered on culture. The results suggest it is unlikely that wild red deer make a significant contribution to the maintenance of MAP infection in the region. The cross-reactivity of the ELISAs used indicates this diagnostic modality is ineffective in the detection of MAP infection in this species. The implications of these results for the control of this important pathogen in bot… Leer más
Carta T., Martin-Hernando MP., Boadella M., Fernandez de Mera IG., Balseiro A., Sevilla I., Vicente J., Maio E., Vieira-Pinto M., Alvarez J., Perez de la Lastra JM., Garrido JM. y Gortazar C.
A database for animal tuberculosis (mycoDB.es) within the context of the Spanish national programme for eradication of bovine tuberculosis
Infection Genetics And Evolution 12(4):877-882.
Spoligotyping and mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) analysis are the international standard techniques for molecular typing of members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. To enable the exploitation of molecular typing data for epidemiological purposes, the creation of large databases is indispensable. Here we describe mycoDB.es, a database for animal tuberculosis which forms part of the Spanish national programme for eradication of bovine tuberculosis. This database has been created as an epidemiological tool at national level and contains spoligotype patterns of 17273 isolates clustered in 401 different spoligotypes of M. bovis, M. caprae and M. tuberculosis. The database offers an … Leer más
Rodriguez-Campos S., Gonzalez S., de Juan L., Romero B., Bezos J., Casal C., Alvarez J., Fernandez de Mera IG., Castellanos E., Mateos A., Saez-Llorente JL., Dominguez L., Aranaz A. y Spanish Network on Surveillance and Monitoring of Animal Tuberculosis.
European 2-a clonal complex of Mycobacterium bovis dominant in the Iberian Peninsula
Infection Genetics And Evolution 12(4):866-872.
Mycobacterium bovis isolates from the Iberian Peninsula are dominated by strains with spoligotype patterns deleted for spacer 21. Whole-genome sequencing of three Spanish strains with spacer 21 missing in their spoligotype pattern revealed a series of SNPs and subsequent screening of a selection of these SNPs identified one in gene guaA that is specific to these strains. This group of strains from the Iberian Peninsula missing spoligotype spacer 21 represents a new clonal complex of M. bovis, defined by the SNP profile with a distinct spoligotype signature. We have named this clonal complex European 2 (Eu2) and found that it was present at low frequency in both France and Italy and absent from the British Isles.… Leer más
Rodriguez-Campos S., Schürch AC., Dale J., Lohan AJ., Cunha MV., Botelho A., De Cruz K., Boschiroli ML., Boniotti B., Pacciarini M., Garcia-Pelayo MC., Romero B., de Juan L., Dominguez L., Gordon SV., van Soolingen D., Loftus B., Berg S., Hewinson RG., Aranaz A. y Smith NH.
Fitness cost and interference of Arm/Rmt aminoglycoside resistance methyltransferases with the RsmF housekeeping methyltransferase
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy 56(5):2335-41.
Arm/Rmt methyltransferases have emerged recently in pathogenic bacteria as enzymes that confer high-level resistance to 4,6 disubstituted aminoglycosides through methylation of the G1405 residue in the 16S rRNA. In prokaryotes, nucleotide methylations are the most common type of rRNA modification, and are introduced post- transcriptionally by a variety of site-specific housekeeping enzymes to optimize ribosomal function. Here we show that while the aminoglycoside resistance methyltransferase RmtC methylates G1405, it impedes methylation of the housekeeping methyltranferase RsmF at position C1407, a nucleotide that, like G1405, forms part of the aminoglycoside binding pocket of the 16S rRNA. To understand the origin and consequences of this … Leer más
Gutierrez B., Escudero JA., San Millan A., Hidalgo L., Carrilero L., Ovejero CM., Santos-Lopez A., Thomas-Lopez D. y Gonzalez-Zorn B..
CpG-enriched plasmid enhances the efficacy of the traditional foot-and-mouth disease killed vaccine
Microbiology And Immunology 56(5):332-7.
A CpG-enriched recombinant plasmid (pUC18-CpG) as an adjuvant of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) killed vaccine was tested for immunization and vaccination challenge in a porcine model. Our preliminary results had indicated that the recombinant plasmid could enhance the humoral immune response triggered by the traditional oil-adjuvant vaccine after the initial inoculation. A subsequent vaccination-challenge test showed an increased PD(50) (50% protective dose) value. Thus, coadministration of the recombinant plasmid with the oil-adjuvant vaccine helped illicit an immune response earlier than that elicited by the administration of the vaccine alone. Our results showed that pUC18-CpG can be a potent immunoadjuvant for the traditional FMD killed … Leer más
Guo X., Jia H., Zhang Q., Yuan W., Zhu G., Xin T., Zhu H. y Sanchez-Vizcaino JM..
Unexpected high responses to tuberculin skin-test in farmed red deer: implications for tuberculosis control
Preventive Veterinary Medicine 104(3-4):327-34.
Tuberculosis (TB) in deer is a serious zoonotic disease of worldwide distribution. Detection of infected animals is usually performed using single or comparative skin testing (SST/CST), although false responses due to sensitization to other mycobacteria may occur, hampering diagnostic specificity. We describe the evolution of the responses to the SST, CST and to an in-house serological assay in a red deer farm subjected to regular TB testing in southern Spain in an attempt to understand the dynamics of possible non-specific reactions occurring under field conditions. We performed 2288 skin-tests and ELISA assays in nine sampling periods between May 2009 and January 2011. In May 2010, a strong increase in skin fold thickness in response to a… Leer más
Queiros J., Alvarez J., Carta T., Mateos A., Ortiz JA., Fernandez de Mera IG., Martin-Hernando MP. y Gortazar C.
Clonal diversity of Staphylococcus aureus originating from the small ruminants goats and sheep
Veterinary Microbiology 156(1-2):157-61.
Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen in humans and many animal species. The prevalence of different clonal types in animal species remains largely unknown. We analyzed 267 S. aureus from intramammary infections in goats (47) and sheep (220) by spa typing, multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and antimicrobial susceptibility. The most frequent spa types in goats were t337 (N=9), t759 (N=6) and t1534 (N=5). Sheep isolates mainly belonged to spa types t1534 (N=72), t2678 (N=29) and t3576 (N=20). Eighteen novel spa-types were observed; two from goat strains, 13 from sheep and three in both species. The majority of the goat strains grouped in MLST CC133 (N=10) and ST522 (N=10), followed by CC9 (N=9), while the majority of the sheep strai… Leer más
Porrero MC., Hasman H., Vela AI., Fernandez-Garayzabal JF., Dominguez L. y Aarestrup F.
Factors driving the abundance of ixodes ricinus ticks and the prevalence of zoonotic I. ricinus-borne pathogens in natural foci
Applied And Environmental Microbiology 78(8):2669-76.
Environmental factors may drive tick ecology and therefore tick-borne pathogen (TBP) epidemiology, which determines the risk to animals and humans of becoming infected by TBPs. For this reason, the aim of this study was to analyze the influence of environmental factors on the abundance of immature-stage Ixodes ricinus ticks and on the prevalence of two zoonotic I. ricinus-borne pathogens in natural foci of endemicity. I. ricinus abundance was measured at nine sites in the northern Iberian Peninsula by dragging the vegetation with a cotton flannelette, and ungulate abundance was measured by means of dung counts. In addition to ungulate abundance, data on variables related to spatial location, climate, and soil were gathered from the study si… Leer más
Ruiz-Fons F., Fernandez de Mera IG., Acevedo P., Gortazar C. y de la Fuente J.
Characterization of the immune response induced by a commercially available inactivated Bluetongue virus serotype 1 vaccine in sheep
Scientific World Journal 2012:147158.
The protective immune response generated by a commercial monovalent inactivated vaccine against bluetongue virus serotype 1 (BTV1) was studied. Five sheep were vaccinated, boost-vaccinated, and then challenged against BTV1 ALG/2006. RT-PCR did not detect viremia at any time during the experiment. Except a temperature increase observed after the initial and boost vaccinations, no clinical signs or lesions were observed. A specific and protective antibody response checked by ELISA was induced after vaccination and boost vaccination. This specific antibody response was associated with a significant increase in B lymphocytes confirmed by flow cytometry, while significant increases were not observed in T lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4+, CD8+, an… Leer más
Perez de Diego AC., Sanchez-Cordon PJ., de las Heras AI. y Sanchez-Vizcaino JM..
Detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Iberian pigs
Letters In Applied Microbiology 54(4):280-285.
Aims: Iberian pigs are bred in Spain for production of high-value dry-cured products, whose export volumes are increasing. Animals are typically reared outdoors, though indoor farming is becoming popular. We compared carriage of Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Iberian pigs, raised indoors and outdoors, with intensively farmed Standard White pigs. Methods and Results: From June 2007 to February 2008, 106 skin swabs were taken from Iberian pigs and 157 samples from Standard White pigs at slaughterhouses in Spain. We found that Iberian pigs carried MRSA, though with a significantly lower prevalence (30/106; 28%) than Standard White pigs (130/157; 83%). A higher prevalence of indoor Iberian pigs compared to animals… Leer más
Porrero MC., Wassenaar TM., Gomez S., Garcia M., Barcena C., Alvarez J., Saez-Llorente JL., Fernandez-Garayzabal JF., Moreno MA. y Dominguez L..
Quantitative Risk Assessment for the Introduction of African Swine Fever Virus into the European Union by Legal Import of Live Pigs
Transboundary And Emerging Diseases 59(2):134-44.
The recent incursion and spread of African swine fever virus (ASFV) in the Russian Federation and Caucasus region, close to European Union (EU) borders, have increased the concerns regarding the probability of ASFV introduction into the EU. There are many potential routes of ASFV entry into EU, but here we specifically aimed to assess the probability of ASFV introduction by legal trade of pigs, which historically has been one of the most important ways of exotic diseases introduction into the EU. A stochastic model was used to estimate the monthly probability of ASFV introduction for each country of the EU. Results of this model suggest an annual probability for ASFV introduction in the whole EU by this way of 5.22*10(-3) , which approximat… Leer más
Mur L., Martinez-Lopez B., Martinez-Aviles M., Costard S., Wieland B., Pfeiffer DU. y Sanchez-Vizcaino JM..
Progress in molecular typing of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis
Research In Veterinary Science 92(2):169-79.
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (M. a. paratuberculosis) is responsible for paratuberculosis or Johne`s disease, a chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract in different animal species. Some studies have also established a link between this microorganism and Crohn`s disease in humans. Although, M. a. paratuberculosis is a difficult microorganism to cultivate in the laboratory (occasionally is non-cultivable), a proper molecular characterization of M. a. paratuberculosis is necessary to better understand the epidemiology of the disease, and design strategies to eradicate it. In the present review, we compile and discuss the recent progress attained in the diagnostic and characterization of this pathogen… Leer más
Castellanos E., de Juan L., Dominguez L. y Aranaz A.
African Swine Fever: An Epidemiological Update
Transboundary And Emerging Diseases 59(1):27-35.
African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most important swine diseases, mainly because of its significant sanitary and socioeconomic consequences. This review gives an update on the epidemiology of the disease and reviews key issues and strategies to improve control of the disease and promote its eradication. Several characteristics of ASF virus (ASFV) make its control and eradication difficult, including the absence of available vaccines, marked virus resistance in infected material and contaminated animal products, and a complex epidemiology and transmission involving tick reservoir virus interactions. The incidence of ASF has not only increased on the African continent over the last 15 years, so that it now affects West African coun… Leer más
Sanchez-Vizcaino JM., Mur L. y Martinez-Lopez B.
Flavobacterium oncorhynchi sp. nov., a new species isolated from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Systematic And Applied Microbiology 35(2):86-91.
Eighteen isolates of a Gram-negative, catalase and oxidase-positive, rod-shaped bacterium, recovered from diseased rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), were characterized, using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Studies based on comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that that the eighteen new isolates shared 99.2-100% sequence similarities. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that isolates from trout belonged to the genus Flavobacterium, showing the highest sequence similarities to F. chungangense (98.6%), F. frigidimaris (98.1%), F. hercynium (97.9%) and F. aquidurense (97.8%). DNA-DNA reassociation values between the trout isolates (exemplified by strain 631-08(T)) and five type strains of the most closely related Flavobacterium sp… Leer más
Zamora L., Fernandez-Garayzabal JF., Svensson-Stadler LA., Palacios MA., Dominguez L., Moore ERB. y Vela AI..
A novel spatial and stochastic model to evaluate the within and between farm transmission of classical swine fever virus: II Validation of the model
Veterinary Microbiology 155:21-32.
A new, recently published, stochastic and spatial model for the evaluation of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) spread into Spain has been validated by using several methods. Internal validity, sensitivity analysis, validation using historical data, comparison with other models and experiments on data validity were used to evaluate the overall reliability and consistency of the model. More than 100 modifications in input data and parameters were evaluated. Outputs were obtained after 1000 iterations for each new scenario of the model. As a result, the model was shown to be consistent, being the probability of infection by local spread, the time from infectious to clinical signs state, the probability of detection based on clinical signs at… Leer más
Martinez-Lopez B., Ivorra B., Ngom D., Ramos AM. y Sanchez-Vizcaino JM..
Evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of bovine tuberculosis diagnostic tests in naturally infected cattle herds using a Bayesian approach
Veterinary Microbiology 155(1):38-43.
Test-and-slaughter strategies have been the basis of bovine tuberculosis (BT) eradication programs worldwide; however, eradication efforts have not succeeded in certain regions, and imperfect sensitivity and specificity of applied diagnostic techniques have been deemed as one of the possible causes for such failure. Evaluation of tuberculosis diagnostic tools has been impaired by the lack of an adequate gold standard to define positive and negative individuals. Here, a Bayesian approach was formulated to estimate for the first time sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of the tests [single intradermal tuberculin (SIT) test, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) assay] currently used in Spain. Field data from the first implementation of IFN-^… Leer más
Alvarez J., Perez AM., Bezos J., Marques S., Grau A., Saez-Llorente JL., Minguez O., de Juan L. y Dominguez L..
Staphylococcus aureus CC398: host adaptation and emergence of methicillin resistance in livestock
MBio 3(1):e00305-11.
Since its discovery in the early 2000s, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clonal complex 398 (CC398) has become a rapidly emerging cause of human infections, most often associated with livestock exposure. We applied whole-genome sequence typing to characterize a diverse collection of CC398 isolates (n = 89), including MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) from animals and humans spanning 19 countries and four continents. We identified 4,238 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among the 89 core genomes. Minimal homoplasy (consistency index = 0.9591) was detected among parsimony-informative SNPs, allowing for the generation of a highly accurate phylogenetic reconstruction of the CC398 clonal lineage. Phylogenet… Leer más
Price LB., Stegger M., Hasman H., Aziz M., Larsen JL., Andersen PS., Pearson T., Waters AE., Foster JT., Schupp J., Gillece J., Driebe E., Liu CM., Springer B., Zdovc I., Battisti A., Franco A., Zmudzki J., Schwarz S., Butaye P., Jouy E., Pomba MC., Porrero MC., Ruimy R., Smith TC., Robinson DA., Weese JS., Arriola CS., Yu F., Laurent F., Keim P., Skov R. y Aarestrup F.
Early onset of incubation and eggshell bacterial loads in a temperate-zone cavity-nesting passerine
The Condor 114(1):203-211.
It has been hypothesized that incubation begins before laying is completed because it controls bacterial growth on eggshells and infection of eggs. If so, early incubation should be associated with decreased abundance of bacteria on eggshells. There is no detailed information on incubation during daytime or nighttime during laying and its association with bird eggshells’ bacterial loads. We used temperature sensors placed in contact with eggs and connected to data-loggers to measure early incubation by females of the Pied Flycatcher, Ficedula hypoleuca,a hole-nesting passerine, beginning with laying of the third egg (day 3). Incubation usually began with
laying of the fourth egg (day 4), the modal clutch size in our population being … Leer más
Ruiz de Castaneda R., Vela AI., Lobato E., Briones V. y Moreno J.
Age-related changes in abundance of enterococci and Enterobacteriaceae in Pied Flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) nestlings and their association with growth
Journal Of Ornithology 153:181-188.
Bacteria have the potential to be important selective forces in the evolution of many aspects of avian biology, including nestling growth. We estimated abundances of two common gut bacterial types in birds (enterococci and Enterobacteriaceae) and their correlation with growth in tarsus length, mass and wing length of 102 nestlings (54 broods) of the Pied Flycatcher, Ficedula hypoleuca, in a population of central Spain. Chicks were weighed and measured on days 7–13 after hatching, at which ages fecal samples were obtained for detection and estimation of abundance of enterococci and Enterobacteriaceae. The loads of the two bacterial types were not correlated. Enterobacterial loads decreased from day 7 to 13, while loads of enterococci increas… Leer más
Gonzalez-Braojos S., Vela AI., Ruiz de Castañeda R., Briones V. y Moreno J.
Chryseobacterium oncorhynchi sp. nov., isolated from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Systematic And Applied Microbiology 35(1):24-9.
Genotypic and phenotypic analyses were performed on five Gram-negative, catalase and oxidasepositive, rod-shaped bacteria isolated from the gill and liver of four rainbow trout. Studies based on comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the five new isolates shared 99.8–100% sequence similarity and that they belong to the genus Chryseobacterium. The nearest phylogenetic neighbours of the strain 701B-08T were Chryseobacterium ureilyticum F-Fue-04IIIaaaaT (99.1% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Chryseobacterium joosteii LMG 18212T (98.6%). DNA–DNA hybridization values between the five isolates were 91–99% and ranged from 2 to 53% between strain 701B-08T and the type strains of phylogenetically closely related species of Ch… Leer más
Zamora L., Fernandez-Garayzabal JF., Palacios MA., Sanchez-Porro C., Svensson-Stadler LA., Dominguez L., Moore ERB., Ventosa A. y Vela AI..
Establishing Streptomycin Epidemiological Cut-Off Values for Salmonella and Escherichia coli
Microbial Drug Resistance (Larchmont, N.Y.) 18(1):88-93.
This study was conducted to elucidate the accuracy of the current streptomycin epidemiological cut-off value (ECOFF) for Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. A total of 236 Salmonella enterica and 208 E. coli isolates exhibiting MICs between 4 and 32 mg/L were selected from 12 countries. Isolates were investigated by polymerase chain reaction for aadA, strA, and strB streptomycin resistance genes. Out of 236 Salmonella isolates, 32 (13.5%) yielded amplicons for aadA (n = 23), strA (n = 9), and strB (n = 11). None of the 60 Salmonella isolates exhibiting MIC 4 mg/L harbored resistance genes. Of the Salmonella isolates exhibiting MICs 8 mg/L, 16 mg/L, and 32 mg/L, 1.6%, 15%, an… Leer más
Garcia-Migura L., Sunde M., Karlsmose S., Veldman K., Schroeter A., Guerra B., Granier SA., Perrin-Guyomard A., Gicquel-Bruneau M., Franco A., Englund S., Teale C., Heiska H., Clemente L., Boerlin P., Moreno MA., Daignault D., Mevius DJ., Hendriksen RS. y Aarestrup F.
Tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae in sheep
The Veterinary Journal 191(2):267-9.
Tuberculosis was diagnosed in three flocks of sheep in Galicia, Spain, in 2009 and 2010. Two flocks were infected with Mycobacterium bovis and one flock was infected with Mycobacterium caprae. Infection was confirmed by the comparative intradermal tuberculin test, bacteriology, molecular analysis and histopathology. Sheep have the potential to act as a reservoir for tuberculosis… Leer más
Munoz-Mendoza M., de Juan L., Menendez S., Ocampo A., Mourelo J., Saez-Llorente JL., Dominguez L., Gortazar C., Garcia-Marin JF. y Balseiro A.
First isolation of the anamorph of Kazachstania heterogenica from a fatal infection in a primate host
Medical Mycology 50(2):193-6.
We describe the isolation of the anamorph of the ascomycetous yeast Kazachstania heterogenica from a fatal infection in a 2 year, 9-month-old female white-handed gibbon (Hylobates lar). The yeast was observed in histological sections (lung and intestine) and co-isolated with the bacterium Escherichia coli from different internal organs. This is the first report of the recovery of this yeast from a fatal infection in a primate host… Leer más
Alvarez-Perez S., Mateos A., Dominguez L., Martinez-Nevado E., Rodriguez-Bertos A., Blanco JL. y Garcia ME.
Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Camelids: Old Problems, Current Solutions and Future Challenges
Transboundary And Emerging Diseases 59(1):1-10.
In spite of great efforts for its control and eradication, tuberculosis remains one of the most important zoonosis worldwide. Its causative agents, the members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, have a wide host range that complicates the epidemiology of this disease. Among susceptible species to these pathogens, camelids from the New World (llama, alpaca and vicuña) and Old World (Bactrian camel and dromedary) are acquiring an increasing importance in several European countries because of its growing number and could act as reservoirs of the disease for livestock and humans in their natural habitat. In addition, tuberculosis caused by a number of M. tuberculosis complex members is a life-threatening disease in these animal species.… Leer más
Alvarez J., Bezos J., de Juan L., Vordermeier M., Rodriguez-Campos S., Fernandez de Mera IG., Mateos A. y Dominguez L..
Tuberculosis in goats: Assessment of current in vivo cell-mediated and antibody-based diagnostic assays
The Veterinary Journal 191(2):161-5.
Tuberculosis in goats, mainly caused by Mycobacterium bovis and M. caprae, is a zoonotic disease with implications for public health, as well as having an economic impact due to decreased goat production, increased mortality rates and costs of diagnosis. There is an increasing need for surveillance of tuberculosis-infected goat herds, particularly in countries that are not officially free of bovine tuberculosis, and goats sharing farms with cattle should be subjected to the official tuberculin test. In Spain, some regions have programmes for the control of tuberculosis in goats, applying the same diagnostic assays that are used for cattle. The objective of tuberculosis eradication in livestock requires adaptation of existing control strateg… Leer más
Bezos J., Alvarez J., Romero B., Aranaz A. y de Juan L..
Application of the Enfer chemiluminescent multiplex ELISA system for the detection of Mycobacterium bovis infection in goats
Veterinary Microbiology 154(3-4):292-7.
A study was conducted to optimise a multiplex serological immunoassay for use in identification of goats infected with Mycobacterium bovis. To assess assay specificity, 31 goats with a history of being free from M. bovis infection were used. To determine assay sensitivity, 180 Single Intradermal Comparative Tuberculin test (SICTT) positive goats were recruited. Additionally, 286 SICTT negative goats classed as potentially exposed animals present in the same positive herds were also included in the study. The results of the assay demonstrated a specificity of 100%. The multiplex assay detected 57/60 SICTT (95.0%) positive animals in one M. bovis infected herd and 120/120 (100%) in a second herd. In a separate experiment, 28 M. caprae culture… Leer más
Shuralev E., Quinn P., Doyle M., Duignan A., Kwok HF., Bezos J., Olwill SA., Gormley E., Aranaz A., Good M., Davis WC., Clarke J. y Whelan C.
Diagnosis of Caprine Tuberculosis using ESAT-6/CFP-10 Peptides in Persistenly Infected Herds
Journal Of Comparative Pathology 146(1):69.
A caprine tuberculosis eradication programme based on the comparative tuberculin skin test is being implemented in the southeast of Spain. Although initial progress was promising, the programme subsequently stalled. Two observations made were that the presence of paratuberculosis in the flocks and the desensitization caused by repeat tuberculin skin test could lead to a decrease in the skin test sensitivity… Leer más
Buendia AJ., Navarro JA., Salinas J., Vordermeier M., Aranaz A., Bezos J., Penafiel-Verdu C., Ortega N., Hewinson RG. y Sanchez J.
Sources of Variation in Enterococci and Enterobacteriaceae Loads in Nestlings of a Hole-Nesting Passerine
Ardea 100(1):71-77.
Gut bacterial loads in avian nestlings may be affected by factors such as climate, seasonality and brood size. There is no published information on this subject for wild birds, despite its potential importance for nestling welfare and growth. We studied the associations of these factors with abundances of two common gut bacterial types, enterococci and Enterobacteriaceae, in nestling Pied Flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca in central Spain. To that end, we obtained faecal samples from 54 broods (102 nestlings) on day 7 and 13 after hatching, for detection and estimation of bacterial abundance. Enterobacteriaceae loads on day 7 were positively correlated with mean temperature during the preceding seven days and negatively correlated with rainfal… Leer más
Gonzalez-Braojos S., Vela AI., Ruiz de Castaneda R., Briones V. y Moreno J.
Septicemic salmonellosis caused by Salmonella Hessarek in wintering and migrating song thrushes (Turdus philomelos) in Spain
Journal Of Wildlife Diseases 48(1):113-121.
We investigated two mortality events in wintering and migrating Song Thrushes (Turdus philomelos) in Catalonia, northeastern Spain in 2009 and 2010. Both episodes occurred in late February to mid-March during the spring migration. Salmonellosis produced by the serotype Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Hessarek (S. Hessarek) was identified as the cause of death in both episodes. Poor body condition, marked splenomegaly, and microscopic disseminated intravascular coagulation with numerous intravascular and tissular bacteria were the most consistent findings. Macro-restriction profiling by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) using XbaI was performed for epidemiologic typing of the S. Hessarek isolates. Two clusters were discern… Leer más
Velarde R., Porrero MC., Serrano E., Marco I., Garcia M., Tellez S., Dominguez L., Aymi R. y Lavin S.
Molecular diagnosis of lobomycosis-like disease in a bottlenose dolphin in captivity
Medical Mycology 50(1):106-9.
We report the diagnosis and molecular characterization of lobomycosis-like lesions in a captive bottlenose dolphin. The clinical picture and the absence of growth in conventional media resembled the features associated with Lacazia loboi. However sequencing of ribosomal DNA and further phylogenetic analyses showed a novel sequence more related to Paracoccidioides brasilensis than to L. loboi. Moreover, the morphology of the yeast cells differed from those L. loboi causing infections humans. These facts suggest that the dolphin lobomycosis-like lesions might have been be caused by different a different fungus clustered inside the order Onygenales. A successful treatment protocol based on topic and systemic terbinafine is also detailed.… Leer más
Esperon F., Garcia-Parraga D., Belliere EN. y Sanchez-Vizcaino JM..
